Evidence for ancient Native use of this shelter included the recovery of diagnostic tools, charred plant remains, and stratified cultural deposits. The Early Archaic period occupation is represented by a Thebes (left, A) spearpoint and two Bifurcate Base Cluster spearpoints (above). Brewerton Cluster spearpoints (left, C) documented the site's Late Archaic occupation. In some areas of the shelter, the Late Archaic deposits overlaid the Early Archaic deposits.
The Fort Ancient component is represented by two arrowheads, including a Type 5 Madison Fine Triangular: Straight Sided example (left, B) and a small hearth. Researchers secured a radiocarbon date of AD 1300 from a charcoal sample taken from these deposits.
Investigations recovered a variety of chipped stone tools in large quantities. Several scrapers and flakes from tool resharpening were recovered from the Early and Late Archaic deposits. These findings suggested that the hunter-gatherer residents used the shelter more intensively and visited it for longer periods than did the Fort Ancient farmers.
Analysis of carbonized seeds and nutshell identified hickory and walnut shells, and grape and blackberry/raspberry seeds. Their recovery indicated that ancient Native Americans stayed at this shelter from mid-summer to mid-fall.